Constipation may lead to uremic toxins in patients with CKD

Constipation was associated with the production of the uremic toxin p-cresylsulfate — but not indoxyl sulfate — in patients with chronic kidney disease, according to a published study.As Christiane Ishikawa Ramos, PhD, of the Universidade Federal de Sao Paul in Brazil, and colleagues wrote, constipation is common in patients with CKD and may lead to negative clinical outcomes due to the “deleterious effect of gut dysbiosis and the increased production of uremic toxins, including p-cresyl sulfate (PCS) and indoxyl sulfate (IS), to the cardiovascular and renal systems.”Read More